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The Parsis who fled to India, however, took with them some of the books of the Zoroastrian canon, including some of the Avesta and ancient commentaries ( Zend) thereof. Many Zoroastrian writings were destroyed in the Islamic conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Most of what remains consists of the royal inscriptions of Achaemenid kings, particularly Darius I (522–486 BC) and his son Xerxes. Very few literary works of Achaemenid Iran have survived, partly due to the destruction of the library at Persepolis. 5.9.1 Classical Persian poetry in modern timesĬlassical Persian literature Pre-Islamic Persian literature.4 The influence of Persian literature on world literature.1.2.3 Biographies, hagiographies, and historical works.1.2 Persian literature of the medieval and pre-modern periods.Persian poets such as Ferdowsi, Saadi, Hafiz, Attar, Nezami, Rumi and Omar Khayyam are also known in the West and have influenced the literature of many countries. ![]() The New Persian language literature arose and flourished in Khorasan and Transoxiana because of political reasons, early Iranian dynasties of post-Islamic Iran such as the Tahirids and Samanids being based in Khorasan. After the Abbasids came to power (750 CE), the Iranians became the scribes and bureaucrats of the Islamic Caliphate and, increasingly, also its writers and poets. The bulk of surviving Persian literature, however, comes from the times following the Muslim conquest of Persia c. At the same time, not all literature written in Persian is written by ethnic Persians or Iranians, as Turkic, Caucasian, and Indic poets and writers have also used the Persian language in the environment of Persianate cultures.ĭescribed as one of the great literatures of humanity, including Goethe's assessment of it as one of the four main bodies of world literature, Persian literature has its roots in surviving works of Middle Persian and Old Persian, the latter of which dates back as far as 522 BCE, the date of the earliest surviving Achaemenid inscription, the Behistun Inscription. Not all Persian literature is written in Persian, as some consider works written by ethnic Persians or Iranians in other languages, such as Greek and Arabic, to be included. ![]() There is thus Persian literature from Iran, Mesopotamia, Azerbaijan, the wider Caucasus, Turkey, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Tajikistan and other parts of Central Asia. The Ghaznavids conquered large territories in Central and South Asia and adopted Persian as their court language. For example, Rumi, one of the best-loved Persian poets, born in Balkh (in modern-day Afghanistan) or Wakhsh (in modern-day Tajikistan), wrote in Persian and lived in Konya (in modern-day Turkey), at that time the capital of the Seljuks in Anatolia. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, the Caucasus, and Turkey, regions of Central Asia (such as Tajikistan) and South Asia where the Persian language has historically been either the native or official language. Persian literature ( Persian: ادبیات فارسی, romanized: Adabiyâte fârsi, pronounced ) comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures. If this file is not in the public domain in the source country but will become so in the future, add |out_of_copyright_in= and then the year its copyright will expire.A scene from the Shahnameh describing the valour of Rustam If this file is in the public domain outside the United States, add |pdsource=yes to this template to hide this warning. #Eminent persians pdf download free#Commons requires that images be free in the source country and in the United States. This file might not be in the public domain outside the United States and should not be transferred to Wikimedia Commons unless it can be verified to be in the public domain in its country of first publication and that at least 70 years have elapsed since the author died. #Eminent persians pdf download download#It’s never been easier to make lyric.Īdobe Acrobat Free Download Do not copy this file to Wikimedia Commons. #Eminent persians pdf download mac#Superstring is a Mac application that lets you create your own lyric videos. #Eminent persians pdf download pro#Superstring 2 Pro – Lyric video maker 2.8.9. It’s never been easier to make lyric videos. Superstring 2 Pro – Lyric video maker 2.8.9 Description Superstring is a Mac application that lets you create your own lyric videos. Get started quickly in a few simple steps. It’s never been easier to create a great lyric video. Superstring Pro lets you create stunning lyric videos in minutes. Superstring Pro 2.8.9 – Create stunning lyric videos in minutes. ![]()
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